국토지리학회지 ISSN:1225-3766(Print) THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF KOREA

This study mainly analyzed modern parks which was one of representative elements constructing Pyongyang during the Japanese colonial era. Until the 1930s, Seogisan Park was the first park built in Pyongyang. Pyongyang's representative park was Morandae Park(牡丹臺公園). The background of creation of Seongyo-ri Park(船橋里公園) was to memorize Japanese victory in the war. Newly built Daedongmundo Park(大同門公園) was part of Pyongyang Castle in the past. Samgak park(三角公園) had the form of a triangle by road planning. There was Yujeong Park(柳町公園) along the Daedong River. And there were Poongkyung(豊慶宮) and Mansudae(萬壽臺) which could not get legal status as pabecome parks. Main features of modern parks in Pyongyang as public space during Japanese colonial era as follows. In the first place, the modern parks were the places reminding memories of Japanese invasion as well as the places showing modernity. Those parks became major attractions and accordingly memories of Japanese victory were expanded by implication. Secondly, the parks were constructed with the aid of modern techniques and utilized as spaces for exposition and commodities display. Traditional architectures of the Chosen Dynasty were degraded to simple spectacles. Thirdly, parks for Japanese and parks for Korean were differentiated in terms of budget scale and park facilities. Lastly, fancy restaurants were located inside or near the parks. And the parks were used as if privately-ownd land. These are the representative features of the modern parks in Pyongyang which differentiate from those of other cities during the Japanese colonial era.