Spatial Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon and Implications for Urban Geography in the City of San Antonio,  Texas

Hoonchong Yi

doi:10.22905/kaopqj.2023.57.1.7

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2023 Vol.57, Issue 1 Preview Page

Research Article

Spatial Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon and Implications for Urban Geography in the City of San Antonio, Texas 도시열섬현상의 공간적 특성 및 도시지리학에서의 함의 - 미국 샌안토니오 대도시 지역을 중심으로 -

31 March 2023. pp. 79-100

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Abstract

The urban heat island phenomenon (UHIP) has significant socio-economic impacts in contemporary urbanizing. This paper examined the spatial characteristics of urban heat islands as the case study of the City of San Antonio to address the spatial implications related to biophysics, demographics, transportation-related public health, and urban heat hazards in the field of Urban Geography. The research method employed the empirical data from Landsat 5 satellite images to extract land surface temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within the boundary of Bexar County, in which the City of San Antonio is located. The study conducted Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) to analyze the census tracts-based spatial relationships among land surface temperature (LST), Hispanic proportion (HP), ambient diesel particulate matter (DPM), and NDVI. Overall results indicate that HP and DPM have positive spatial influences on LST. On the other hand, NDVI has a negative spatial effect on LST. Notably, the urban heat island phenomenon (UHIP) is related to transportation-related public health factors augmented by the residential segregation of 1935 redlining together with the current New Redling along the NAFTA highway (i.e., IH-35). The findings provide guidelines and recommendations in Urban Geography for sustainable urban development and environmental justice (EJ), and future applications of spatial planning, urban green infrastructure policy, and institutionalization to mitigate the social vulnerability in the rapidly urbanizing world as well as in Korea.

Keywords

urban heat island phenomenon

urbanization

urban green infrastructure

environmental justice

New Redlining

Urban Geography

전세계적으로 도시화가 진행되면서 도시열섬현상의 사회･경제적 영향이 커지고 있다. 이 논문은 미국 샌안토니오 대도시 지역을 중심으로 도시열섬현상의 공간적 특성에 대해 물리･생태, 인구･사회, 교통･보건 요인을 정량화하고 도시열섬현상과의 연관성을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 연구방법은 미국 샌안토니오 대도시 지역이 속한 베어 카운티를 대상으로 랜드샛 5 위성영상을 적용하여 지표온도와 정규식생지수를 추출하였다. 이후 센서스 트랙을 분석단위로 히스패닉 비율, 디젤 미세먼지 농도, 정규식생지수를 적용하여 지표온도에 대한 공간적 영향력을 규명하는 지리가중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과는 샌안토니오 대도시 지역의 도시열섬현상이 히스패닉 비율, 디젤 미세먼지 농도와 정(+)의 영향, 정규식생지수와 부(-)의 영향을 나타내고 있다. 더욱이 해당 지역의 도시열섬현상은 지표온도, 정규식생지수와 같은 물리･생태 요인뿐만 아니라 역사적으로 레드라이닝에 의한 소수인종의 거주지 분리와 북미자유무역협정(NAFTA) 이후 국제적 육상 물류 이동이 증가하는 IH-35를 따라 교통･보건 요인을 주요 변인으로 한다. 연구결과는 지속가능한 도시발전을 위해 열재해 위험의 사회적 취약성 및 공간격차를 완화하는 공간계획과 도시 그린인프라 정책, 그리고 신레드라이닝에 의한 공간구조 변화에 대해 도시지리학에서 함의를 갖는다.

키워드

도시열섬현상

도시화

도시 그린인프라

환경정의

신레드라이닝

도시지리학

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Association of Professional Geographers
Publisher(Ko) :국토지리학회
Journal Title :국토지리학회지
Journal Title(Ko) :THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF KOREA
Volume : 57
No :1
Pages :79-100
Received Date : 2023-01-09
Revised Date : 2023-03-28
Accepted Date : 2023-03-28
DOI :https://doi.org/10.22905/kaopqj.2023.57.1.7

국토지리학회지 ISSN:1225-3766(Print) THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF KOREA

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